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Divine Knowledge

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  1. Of Divine Tests and a Knowing Heart (Audio)

    Rabbi Chanoch Waxman | 31 minutes

    Is the manna a practical necessity? Or a miraculous sustenance? If it is a Divine test, what is the purpose of such a test, and of possible affliction? Uncomfortable parallels with Egyptian affliction of the Israelites arise. The paradigm of the "Divine Test"—the Akeida, is also examined. Grappling with these issues results in highlighting the important connection between commandments and communal memory.

  2. Ramban

    Part 3

    Dr. Avigail Rock

    Additional characteristics of the Ramban’s commentary on the Torah:

    The Secret Torah — “Al Derekh Ha-Emet”

    When the Ramban prefaces an explanation with these words, his intent is to cite a commentary based on sod (literally, secret), the hidden, mystical elements of Jewish tradition. His Kabbalistic commentaries cannot be understood by a reader unschooled in fundamental Kabbalistic concepts.

    Citation and Incorporation in the Commentary of the Ramban

    Psychological Sensitivity

    The Ramban explains the verses using an analysis of the motivations of the dominant personalities, based on his reasoned assessment of the characters and the situations in which they find themselves.

    Serus Ha-Mikra

    Another exegetical tool employed by the Ramban in his commentary is serus ha-mikra, the inversion or transposition of the verse. Sometimes, in order to understand the intent of the verse, one should read it as if the sequence of the words is different.

    Abbreviation and Elaboration

    When there is a certain lack of correlation between the initial description of an event and the later recapitulation of the same event, the Ramban explains the lack of correlation using the following rule: “It is the way of the verses to abbreviate it in one place and to elaborate in another place.”

    There is no doubt that the Ramban is one of the most influential figures in terms of shaping the world of biblical exegesis and the Jewish worldview generally.